One of the most important aspects of a
story is the ending. Most of the advice you hear as writers
concerns the beginning of the story. The Hook.
The beginning is important, yes, you have
to hook those readers or they'll pass you by but the ending is
rarely mentioned. And yet the ending is as important as the
beginning. If handled badly, it can leave your reader
thinking anything from 'Meh' to 'Well, that was a total waste of
time'.
The opening of the story hooks your
reader into reading that one story. If you want readers to look
out for your name on future stories, you really need to give them
a good ending. One they will remember. Ideally, one
they'll lose sleep over.
Some bad endings are obvious, but
sometimes they are only glaringly obvious after someone else
points them out to you. If you have a human protagonist
helped by a supernatural agency (ghost, demon or such like), then
letting the supernatural agency take over in the final moments is
cheating. The human has been battling all through the story
and the reader expects the human to win or lose at the end by
their own hand. If their supernatural helper steps in at the
last moment then the reader is left to wonder why they didn't just
sort things out right from the start. The human, the one
they've connected with, wasn't needed after all so the whole story
was pointless. I made this mistake in my first attempt at a
novel. Fortunately, someone pointed it out in an early
draft. It's fixed now. Must get around to submitting
it again.
There are scenarios in which the power of
the supernatural can take over legitimately. If the
companion ghost/demon was unable to use their power because of
some constraint put upon them, and only the human protagonist
could lift that constraint, then it can work. I've used this
one too, in another drafted novel. It was complicated, but
it worked out in the end.
In any such case, having the human part
of the pair coming out unscathed is simply not realistic. If
you get involved with demons and ghosts you are very likely to get
damaged, either physically or mentally. Probably both. It's
a horror story. Nobody gets out without some pain. Develop
and change that character using the terrors they experience.
In many horror stories the protagonist is
dead by the end. This poses a particular problem in
first-person storytelling because if the person telling the story
is dead at the end, how can you be reading it? The
protagonist did not survive to tell the tale.
If your main character is going to die or
is indeed already dead, don't have them tell it in first person.
If you want them telling the tale through a medium, or by writing
in the dust, or by carving it into someone's flesh, then make the
medium, the dust-reader or the bleeding book the first-person
teller. You can frame a dead-protagonist story in such a way
but if you're going to have a first-person corpse, there's no way
to tell the story and make it believable.
Even the famous fall into this trap.
James Herbert's novel Nobody True started with the
brilliant line 'I wasn't there when I died' but the
storyteller is dead, so who is he telling his story to? It
turns out he's been telling it to another ghost but that other
ghost still can't tell the rest of us so the story exists in
limbo. It's a step away from the first-person story written
by the victim who dies but it is still a damaging ending. It
breaks the spell. We can't have known about this story
because it's confined to the dead. This particular story
also had an irrelevant reveal at the end, which further damaged it
for me.
Once you break the believability of a
horror story, it's just not scary any more and if it's not scary
it's not horror.
If you break it right at the end with
help from the ghost or demon who has done little or nothing of use
in the rest of the story, or by revealing your first-person
character as a corpse and therefore unlikely to be very good at
holding either a pen or a conversation, your reader will not
remember your story (and your name) as a source of fear and dread.
They will remember both as a waste of their time. That's not good
if you plan to get more than one story published.
There are easy ways to avoid these traps.
If your main character is to die or is
already dead, either write in third person or have a surviving
character narrate in first person. That sounds complicated
and it can be, but think Sherlock Holmes. All those books
were written as if they were Dr. Watson's journals. Holmes
was the main character but Watson was the first-person narrator.
It can be done, and if done well it can be timeless. Holmes
didn't die in the stories but he could have. The story would
still have worked because Watson, not Holmes, was narrating.
It would also have continued to work if Watson was in contact with
the ghost of Holmes—as long as Watson did the first-person part.
Watch for the too-easy escape at the end.
If you have trouble seeing it, join a critique circle and put your
ego aside. Pay attention to the readers who critique but
don't be bound by them. Sometimes they're wrong. The
trick is to know when they're right. Most of all, the trick
is to never be offended by someone's comments. That's easy.
There are too many issues with endings to
deal with in one short article. Another is the 'obvious sequel'
ending, a prime example of which is the first Resident Evil
film. The ending of the film is obviously not the end of the
story and that's not fair.
Unless your readers/viewers know from the
outset that they are facing a series, they expect a complete
story. If it doesn't end they will be irritated. As I
was irritated at the fourth Alien film, in which Ripley,
who had died in the third film, was reincarnated. Now that
is forcing it.
I'm not a big fan of Harry Potter
(although I did very much like the Dementors as well as the
murderous chess game) but those stories are a good example of a
series. Each story is complete in itself and each book
begins with the arrival at school at the start of term, and ends
with everyone leaving at the end of term. That's a neat way
to close off the story and still leave the next one open.
The Sherlock Holmes stories kept the same
characters with different investigations. A series should be
a set of complete, individual stories, not a story with no end.
I mean, how many times can Michael Myers or Jason Voorhees die?
Once is enough for most people, even the very nasty ones.
Don't stretch credibility too far.
It's true that you need a good opening to
get people reading. I would argue that it's just as
important to have a great ending so they'll look out for the next
story you write. You can have the greatest opening line in
the world but if your ending is flat, nobody will read another
one. If you're going to get anywhere, those readers have to want
to see the next one.
Make sure your opening is great.
Then make sure your ending is great. All you have to do then is
join the great opening to the great ending with a middle bit. Make
that great too, and you're in business.
Who said writing was hard?